Shoplifting or retail theft laws vary from state to state, and in many states the act of shoplifting—taking displayed goods from a commercial retail store during store hours and without paying for the goods—is classified as the criminal offense of theft or larceny.

Shoplifting, theft, and larceny laws are often classified in part by the value of the goods stolen, attempted to be stolen, or intended to be stolen. These laws are generally located in a state’s statutes—often in the penal or criminal code.

In Missouri, shoplifting is prosecuted under the state's theft laws. Missouri Revised Statutes Section 570.030 defines theft, which includes shoplifting, as appropriating property or services with the intent to deprive the owner without their consent. The severity of the charge and the potential penalties depend on the value of the goods stolen. If the value of the property is less than $750, it is considered a Class A misdemeanor. Theft of property valued between $750 and $25,000 is a Class D felony, and if the value exceeds $25,000, it is a Class C felony. Additionally, Missouri has a specific statute for 'Stealing-related offenses' under Section 570.080, which includes various forms of retail theft, such as altering price tags and transferring goods from one container to another. Repeat offenses can lead to more severe charges and penalties. It's important for individuals accused of shoplifting to consult with an attorney to understand the specific charges they face and the potential legal consequences.