Shoplifting or retail theft laws vary from state to state, and in many states the act of shoplifting—taking displayed goods from a commercial retail store during store hours and without paying for the goods—is classified as the criminal offense of theft or larceny.
Shoplifting, theft, and larceny laws are often classified in part by the value of the goods stolen, attempted to be stolen, or intended to be stolen. These laws are generally located in a state’s statutes—often in the penal or criminal code.
In Maryland, shoplifting is considered a form of theft and is covered under Maryland's theft laws. The state classifies theft offenses based on the value of the property taken. For property valued at less than $100, it is considered a misdemeanor with penalties of up to 90 days in jail and/or a fine up to $500. Theft of property valued between $100 and less than $1,500 is also a misdemeanor, with varying penalties depending on the value range, including potential jail time and fines. Theft of property valued at $1,500 or more is classified as a felony, with the possibility of more severe penalties, including longer prison sentences and higher fines. Maryland law also includes provisions for repeat offenders, which can result in increased penalties. Additionally, civil remedies are available to retailers, allowing them to seek compensation from the offender for the value of the stolen goods and additional damages.