In many states it is a criminal offense to intentionally or recklessly transmit a sexually transmitted disease (STD or venereal disease) to another person. Examples of such diseases include HIV/AIDS, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital herpes, human papillomavirus (HPV), genital warts, and hepatitis B.

Laws vary from state to state, and in some states these laws include other infectious or communicable diseases. In some states there is a specific criminal offense for transmission of sexually transmitted or communicable diseases, and in other states criminal prosecutors charge the defendant with a more general crime like assault.

Laws regarding criminal liability for the intentional or reckless transmission of sexual or other infectious or communicable diseases are generally located in a state’s statutes—often in the penal or criminal code, or the health and safety code.

A person who negligently transmits a sexually transmitted disease to another person through sexual contact—without informing the other person of the offender’s infection before the sexual contact—may also be subject to civil liability for money damages in a lawsuit.

In Oregon, the intentional or reckless transmission of a sexually transmitted disease (STD) can lead to criminal charges. Oregon law, specifically under ORS 161.605 and ORS 161.615, allows for the prosecution of individuals who knowingly transmit an STD to another person. The charges can range from a misdemeanor to a felony, depending on the circumstances and the severity of the harm caused. Additionally, Oregon has laws that address the transmission of HIV specifically. Under ORS 163.465, it is a crime for a person who knows they are infected with HIV to engage in sexual activity or donate body fluids, organs, or tissues without informing the other party of their HIV status. Beyond criminal liability, individuals in Oregon may also face civil lawsuits for negligently transmitting an STD, where the infected party can seek monetary damages for the harm suffered due to the transmission.