Extortion is the threatening, coercive act of demanding payment, favorable government action from a public official, or another benefit from someone in return for not doing violent, physical harm or injury to the victim or his property, or revealing compromising or damaging information about the victim (whether it is true or false), or causing unfavorable government action against the victim or his interests. Extortion (sometimes referred to as the crime of coercion or blackmail) is a criminal offense in all states and under federal law.

Extortion can occur in person, by telephone, by U.S. mail, by e-mail, by text message, through social media, or by other means of communication.

The definition and penalties for the crime of extortion vary from state to state—in some states blackmail is part of the criminal offense of extortion, and in some states blackmail and extortion are separate criminal offenses.

The crime of extortion may be prosecuted as a felony in some states—with potential prison time—or as a misdemeanor eligible for probation. The crime of extortion is usually located in a state’s statutes. And extortion is also a crime under federal law. See 18 U.S.C. §872 to 18 U.S.C. §876.

In New Mexico, extortion is recognized as a serious criminal offense and is defined under the state's statutes. Extortion involves the act of obtaining money, property, or services from an individual through coercion, which may include threats of violence, damage to property, or other forms of intimidation. This can encompass threats to reveal damaging information about the victim, whether true or false. The crime can be committed through various means of communication, including in-person, by phone, mail, or electronic communication. New Mexico law typically categorizes extortion as a third-degree felony, which can result in significant penalties, including potential prison time. The exact penalties can vary based on the circumstances of the crime, such as the amount of money or value of property involved. Additionally, under federal law, extortion is also a criminal offense, as outlined in 18 U.S.C. §872 to 18 U.S.C. §876, which can lead to federal charges if the crime involves interstate or foreign commerce or if it is committed against a federal official. It is important for individuals facing extortion charges in New Mexico to consult with an attorney to understand the specific charges and potential defenses available to them.