Sexual abuse of a child is generally defined as physical contact or other interaction between a child (under age 17, for example) and an adult when the child is being used for the sexual stimulation or pleasure of the perpetrator or another person. In addition to physical contact, sexual abuse of a child may include (1) the exposure of the genitals of an adult in the presence of a child, (2) the exposure of the genitals of a child, (3) using a child in making pornography, or (4) making a child view sexual acts or pornography.

And in some states multiple instances of sexual contact between an adult and a child may constitute the enhanced criminal offense of continual sexual abuse of a child—which is sometimes a first-degree felony offense.

In Indiana, sexual abuse of a child is a serious criminal offense and is addressed under various statutes. Indiana Code defines child molestation, child exploitation, and possession of child pornography as significant offenses. Child molestation (Indiana Code 35-42-4-3) can include any sexual activity with a child under the age of 14, and it is a felony, with the severity of charges ranging from Level 1 to Level 4 felonies depending on the circumstances, such as the use of force or the age of the perpetrator. Child exploitation (Indiana Code 35-42-4-4) covers the production, distribution, or possession of child pornography and is also a felony offense. Indiana does not have a specific statute for 'continual sexual abuse of a child,' but repeated acts of sexual abuse can lead to multiple charges or can enhance the severity of the punishment. Additionally, Indiana law requires individuals to report suspected child abuse or neglect to authorities. Failure to report can result in charges against the individual who failed to report the abuse.