Carjacking is a type of robbery in which the criminal uses force or the threat of force to take possession and control of an automobile—usually when the victim is inside or near the automobile. Carjacking laws vary from state to state, and are usually located in a state’s penal code. Carjacking is also a federal crime when the stolen vehicle is transported, shipped, or received in interstate or foreign commerce (generally, transported across state lines).
In Minnesota, carjacking is considered a severe offense and is addressed under the state's robbery statutes. Specifically, Minnesota Statute 609.24 outlines 'Simple Robbery,' which involves taking personal property from another person by force or threat of force. While there is no specific statute labeled 'carjacking,' the act of forcibly stealing a car from a person would fall under this statute. Additionally, if a dangerous weapon is used or the victim is injured, the crime may be elevated to 'Aggravated Robbery' under Minnesota Statute 609.245, which carries more severe penalties. On the federal level, carjacking is criminalized under 18 U.S.C. § 2119, which applies when the vehicle is transported across state or international borders. This federal law requires proof that the defendant had the intent to cause death or serious bodily harm, and it imposes harsh penalties, including potential life imprisonment for convictions involving such harm.