Carjacking is a type of robbery in which the criminal uses force or the threat of force to take possession and control of an automobile—usually when the victim is inside or near the automobile. Carjacking laws vary from state to state, and are usually located in a state’s penal code. Carjacking is also a federal crime when the stolen vehicle is transported, shipped, or received in interstate or foreign commerce (generally, transported across state lines).
In Connecticut, carjacking is considered a serious felony offense. The state classifies carjacking under its robbery statutes, specifically addressing it when a vehicle is taken by force or threat of force. Connecticut General Statutes Section 53a-133 defines robbery, and the degrees of severity are further detailed in Sections 53a-134 to 53a-136a, with first-degree robbery being the most severe. If a weapon, such as a firearm, is used or the victim is seriously harmed, the offense may be prosecuted as first-degree robbery, which carries harsher penalties. Additionally, carjacking may also trigger federal charges if the vehicle is transported across state lines, which is a violation of the Hobbs Act or other federal statutes related to motor vehicle theft. The federal law is applicable because the act affects interstate or foreign commerce. Penalties for carjacking at the federal level can include significant fines and lengthy prison sentences.