The crime of assault varies from state to state (and under federal law), but is generally defined as intentionally putting another person in reasonable apprehension or fear of an imminent (immediate) harmful or offensive contact. The crime of assault may be committed even if there is no physical contact, as the criminal physical contact constitutes the separate crime of battery. In many states assaulting a police officer or peace officer who is performing official duties (such as making a lawful arrest) is a more serious offense—sometimes a felony.

In Connecticut, assault is defined under various degrees with specific statutes outlining the elements and penalties for each. Generally, assault occurs when an individual intentionally causes or attempts to cause physical injury to another person. The severity of the charge can range from a misdemeanor to a felony, depending on factors such as the intent, the means used to commit the assault, the severity of injury, and the victim's status. For instance, Assault in the Third Degree is typically a misdemeanor, while Assault in the First Degree includes more serious circumstances and can be a felony. Connecticut law also recognizes the increased seriousness of assaults against certain protected classes of victims, including police officers, firefighters, and other emergency personnel. Assaulting a police officer or peace officer is indeed a more serious offense and is classified under Connecticut General Statutes as Assault on Public Safety or Emergency Medical Personnel, which can be charged as a felony. This reflects the state's interest in protecting officers and similar officials while they are performing their official duties.