Animal cruelty includes a wide range of behaviors that are mistreatment of animals—from neglect (depriving an animal of food, water, shelter, or veterinary care) to torturing, maiming, mutilating, and killing animals. Animal cruelty laws vary from state to state, and are usually included in a state’s statutes.
In California, animal cruelty is addressed under the California Penal Code Section 597 and other related statutes. These laws prohibit the maltreatment of animals, including neglect, abuse, torture, and killing. Neglect involves failing to provide an animal with basic necessities such as food, water, shelter, and veterinary care. More severe acts, such as torturing, maiming, mutilating, or killing an animal, are also illegal and can result in more serious charges. Penalties for animal cruelty in California can range from fines and probation to imprisonment, depending on the severity of the offense and whether it is charged as a misdemeanor or a felony. California also has specific laws regarding the treatment of animals in certain settings, such as pet stores and research facilities, and laws that protect specific categories of animals, including endangered species and livestock.