Debt collection is the process by which a person or entity who is owed money or property seeks payment for the debt. Debt collection may be performed by the person or entity who is owed the debt (the creditor), or may be performed by a third-party debt collector hired by the creditor to collect the debt on behalf of the creditor. Sometimes creditors sell the debt to another entity at a discounted value, and the entity that purchases the debt becomes the creditor.

Debts that are often the subject of debt collection efforts include (1) credit card debt; (2) car or auto loan debt; (3) medical debt; (4) student loan debt; (5) unpaid utility and telephone bills; and (6) personal loan debt.

If you owe money, you have a legal obligation to repay it. But state and federal laws—such as the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act—prohibit debt collectors from using deceptive or abusive behavior to collect the debt.

In Michigan, debt collection is regulated by both state statutes and federal law. The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA) is a federal law that sets national standards for the collection of debts, prohibiting deceptive, abusive, or unfair practices. Debt collectors in Michigan must adhere to these standards when collecting debts such as credit card debt, auto loans, medical bills, student loans, utility bills, and personal loans. Additionally, Michigan has its own set of laws that govern debt collection practices within the state. Creditors may attempt to collect debts themselves or hire third-party debt collectors. In some cases, creditors may sell the debt to another entity, which then becomes the new creditor. Regardless of who owns the debt, collectors must follow the legal guidelines for debt collection, including providing validation of the debt and respecting the rights of the debtor. It's important for debtors to know their rights under both federal and state laws to ensure they are treated fairly in the debt collection process.