Probate courts are usually trial courts with the authority to hear only matters relating to wills, estates, probate, guardianships, and conservatorships. Courts dedicated to these matters are usually located in populous counties and are said to have exclusive jurisdiction (authority) over such matters within the county.
In South Dakota, probate matters are handled by the circuit courts, as the state does not have separate probate courts. The circuit courts have jurisdiction over cases involving wills, estates, probate, guardianships, and conservatorships. These courts are responsible for overseeing the administration of a deceased person's estate, ensuring that the individual's assets are distributed according to their will, or if there is no will, in accordance with state intestacy laws. The circuit courts also handle the appointment of guardians and conservators for minors and incapacitated adults. While South Dakota does not have courts dedicated solely to probate matters, the circuit courts in each county have exclusive jurisdiction over these matters within their geographic boundaries.