Probate courts are usually trial courts with the authority to hear only matters relating to wills, estates, probate, guardianships, and conservatorships. Courts dedicated to these matters are usually located in populous counties and are said to have exclusive jurisdiction (authority) over such matters within the county.
In Arkansas, probate courts are specialized divisions within the circuit courts that handle matters related to wills, estates, probate, guardianships, and conservatorships. These courts are responsible for overseeing the administration of a deceased person's estate, ensuring that wills are validated, debts and taxes are paid, and the remaining assets are distributed according to the will or state law if there is no will. They also handle the appointment of guardians for minors and conservators for those who are unable to manage their own affairs. While all circuit courts in Arkansas have the authority to hear probate matters, in more populous counties, there may be specific judges or divisions dedicated exclusively to probate cases. These specialized probate courts have exclusive jurisdiction within their respective counties, meaning they are the only courts that can decide on these types of cases within their geographic area.