The American legal system is based on the principle that an independent, fair, and competent judiciary (judges) will interpret and apply the laws that govern us. The role of the judiciary is central to American concepts of justice and the rule of law.
Each state, and the federal court system, has a code of judicial conduct that requires judges to respect and honor the judicial office and strive to enhance and maintain confidence in our legal system by maintaining integrity and independence, and avoiding even the appearance of impropriety. The judge determines or finds facts and laws for the resolution of disputes, and is a highly visible symbol of government under the rule of law. A code of judicial conduct is not intended as an exhaustive guide for the conduct of judges—they should also be governed in their judicial and personal conduct by general ethical standards. But such a code is intended to state basic standards that should govern the conduct of all judges, and to provide guidance to judges in establishing and maintaining high standards of judicial and personal conduct.
Each state and the federal court system has people and processes who handle complaints against judges and determine what if any disciplinary action is appropriate.
In New Mexico, the judiciary is expected to uphold the principles of independence, fairness, and competence, in line with the American legal system's values. Judges in New Mexico are governed by the New Mexico Code of Judicial Conduct, which sets forth the ethical standards and rules designed to maintain the integrity, independence, and impartiality of the judiciary. This code serves as a guideline for judges to avoid impropriety and the appearance of impropriety, ensuring public confidence in the legal system. The New Mexico Judicial Standards Commission is the body responsible for investigating complaints against judges and enforcing the Code of Judicial Conduct. When a complaint is filed, the Commission reviews the allegations and can recommend disciplinary actions to the New Mexico Supreme Court if a violation is found. These actions can range from reprimand to removal from office, depending on the severity of the misconduct. The process is designed to preserve the rule of law and the honor of the judicial office while providing accountability for judges in their professional and personal conduct.