Although the law varies from state to state, most documents filed with a court—as well as settlement agreements and discovery documents that are not filed with the court in which the lawsuit is pending—are court records, and are presumed open to the public.
In Alabama, the principle of open court records aligns with the broader trend across the United States, where most documents filed with a court are accessible to the public. This includes pleadings, motions, and other materials that are part of the judicial process. Settlement agreements and discovery documents that are not filed with the court may have different levels of public access. While settlement agreements may become part of the court record if they are submitted to the court for approval, discovery materials exchanged between parties are generally not accessible to the public unless they are entered into the court record as part of a motion or trial exhibit. Alabama's rules on court records are governed by state statutes, case law, and local court rules, which may specify the types of documents that are available and any exceptions to public access, such as confidentiality orders for sensitive information.