Each state has its own constitution, which generally creates the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of state government; defines and limits the powers of these branches; and identifies fundamental rights of its citizens. A state’s constitution often defines and limits the state’s power to tax its citizens, and provides for the education of its citizens through public schools.
In West Virginia, the state constitution establishes the framework for state government, mirroring the federal structure by creating legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The West Virginia Legislature is bicameral, consisting of the Senate and the House of Delegates. The executive branch is headed by the Governor, while the judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court of Appeals and other lower courts as established by law. The West Virginia Constitution also delineates the rights and liberties of its citizens, which may expand upon those guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution. Regarding taxation, the state constitution provides the principles and limitations on how the state can impose taxes. Education is a significant focus, with the constitution mandating the establishment and maintenance of a system of free public schools to ensure the education of children within the state.