Each state has its own constitution, which generally creates the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of state government; defines and limits the powers of these branches; and identifies fundamental rights of its citizens. A state’s constitution often defines and limits the state’s power to tax its citizens, and provides for the education of its citizens through public schools.
In South Dakota, the state constitution establishes the framework for state government, mirroring the federal structure by creating legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The South Dakota Constitution outlines the scope of authority and limitations of these branches to ensure a balance of power. It also enumerates the fundamental rights of South Dakota citizens, which include rights that may be broader than those provided by the U.S. Constitution. Regarding taxation, the South Dakota Constitution contains provisions that govern the state's ability to impose taxes, ensuring that such powers are exercised within defined limits to prevent arbitrary taxation. Additionally, the constitution includes provisions for the establishment and maintenance of a system of public education, mandating that the legislature provide for the establishment and support of a uniform system of public schools, which are open to all children of the state and free from sectarian control.