Each state has its own constitution, which generally creates the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of state government; defines and limits the powers of these branches; and identifies fundamental rights of its citizens. A state’s constitution often defines and limits the state’s power to tax its citizens, and provides for the education of its citizens through public schools.
In Maryland, the state constitution establishes the framework for state government, mirroring the federal structure by creating legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The Maryland General Assembly, comprising the Senate and the House of Delegates, exercises legislative power. The Governor heads the executive branch, while the judiciary is independent, with the Court of Appeals being the highest court in the state. The Maryland Constitution also delineates the scope of state authority, including taxation powers, ensuring that such powers are exercised within constitutional limits. Additionally, it guarantees the provision of education for its citizens, mandating that the state maintain a thorough and efficient system of free public schools.