Each state has its own constitution, which generally creates the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of state government; defines and limits the powers of these branches; and identifies fundamental rights of its citizens. A state’s constitution often defines and limits the state’s power to tax its citizens, and provides for the education of its citizens through public schools.
In Georgia, like all states, there is a state constitution that serves as the supreme law of the state, subject only to the constraints of the U.S. Constitution. The Georgia Constitution establishes the framework for the state government, dividing it into three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The legislative branch, consisting of the Georgia General Assembly (which includes the House of Representatives and the Senate), is responsible for creating state laws. The executive branch, headed by the Governor, is responsible for enforcing state laws. The judicial branch interprets the laws and consists of various levels of courts, with the Supreme Court of Georgia at its apex. The Georgia Constitution also outlines the rights of its citizens, which may expand upon the rights guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution. Additionally, the state constitution addresses the power of the state to impose taxes and emphasizes the importance of public education, mandating the provision of an adequate public education for the citizens of Georgia.