The Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution helps to define the governmental powers allocated to the federal government and the governmental powers allocated to the state governments—a concept known as federalism. The Tenth Amendment provides that “the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.”
In Iowa, as in all states, the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution plays a crucial role in determining the division of powers between the federal government and the state government. This amendment, which is a cornerstone of American federalism, asserts that any powers that the Constitution does not specifically grant to the federal government, nor deny to the states, are reserved for the states or the people. This means that the state of Iowa retains all powers not constitutionally assigned to the federal government. This can include areas such as education, local law enforcement, and other matters of local governance. The Tenth Amendment thus ensures that states like Iowa have the autonomy to create and enforce laws in a wide range of areas, provided they do not conflict with federal laws or the U.S. Constitution.