Venue is the geographic location (county in state court or district in federal court) where a lawsuit may be filed. Proper venue is usually determined by statute, and upon the filing of a lawsuit, the defendant may seek to transfer (move) the venue to a proper venue if it believes the plaintiff’s choice of venue is not a proper venue.
In Arizona, the concept of venue refers to the appropriate location within the state where a lawsuit can be initiated. State statutes, specifically the Arizona Revised Statutes (ARS), provide guidance on determining the proper venue for different types of cases. Generally, civil actions should be filed in the county where the defendant resides or where the cause of action arose. If there are multiple defendants, venue is proper in a county where any defendant resides. For corporations, the proper venue is typically where the corporation has its principal place of business or where the cause of action arose. In federal cases, the venue is determined by the U.S. Code, which often allows for the case to be filed where the defendant resides or where a substantial part of the events giving rise to the claim occurred. If a defendant believes that the plaintiff has chosen an improper venue, they may file a motion to transfer the case to a more appropriate venue. This is governed by the Arizona Rules of Civil Procedure in state court and the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in federal court.