A temporary restraining order (TRO) is a court order requiring the parties to whom it is addressed not to engage in certain activity, or to continue to engage in certain activity, and is usually designed to maintain the current state of things (the status quo) until the court has the opportunity to hear a more complete presentation of the evidence—usually during an application for a temporary injunction that will remain in place while the lawsuit is pending.

In California, a Temporary Restraining Order (TRO) is a short-term court order issued to prevent immediate harm by requiring someone to stop doing something or to do something until a more formal hearing can be held. Typically, TROs are used in situations involving domestic violence, harassment, stalking, or elder abuse, but they can also apply in civil litigation to preserve the status quo or prevent irreparable harm in business disputes. To obtain a TRO, the requesting party must convince the court that there is a likelihood of immediate harm and that there is a reasonable probability they will prevail on the merits of the case. The TRO can be granted without the presence of the other party (ex parte), but it is generally temporary, lasting only until the court can hold a more comprehensive hearing to decide on issuing a preliminary injunction. The duration of a TRO in California is typically up to 21 days, or until the court hearing date. If a TRO is issued, the court will schedule a hearing for a preliminary injunction, where both parties can present evidence and arguments. It's important for individuals seeking or responding to a TRO to consult with an attorney to understand their rights and obligations under California law.