A special master or master in chancery is an individual appointed by the court to assist with some part of a lawsuit, such as discovery—depositions, written questions, and production of documents—and to make recommendations to the judge on how to resolve related disputes. Courts have held that discovery questions that require extensive examination of highly technical and complex documents by a person having both a technical and a legal background may constitute an exceptional condition sufficient to justify the appointment of a master to supervise such discovery.

In Maine, a special master, also known as a master in chancery, can be appointed by the court to assist with complex aspects of a lawsuit, particularly during the discovery phase. This includes overseeing depositions, managing written questions, and handling the production of documents. The appointment of a special master is typically justified under exceptional conditions, such as when the case involves highly technical and complex documents that require the expertise of someone with both technical knowledge and a legal background. Maine courts follow the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, which allow for the appointment of a special master under Rule 53. The rule stipulates the circumstances under which a master may be appointed, the scope of their duties, and the procedures for their actions and reports. The use of a special master is intended to streamline the legal process and provide specialized assistance to the court in resolving disputes that are beyond the typical scope of legal expertise.