The United States Constitution guarantees the right to a trial by jury in criminal prosecutions. In civil lawsuits (disputes over money, property, and other non-criminal matters), state constitutions provide for the right to trial by jury—but this right may be limited to certain types of claims. And in order to be entitled to a trial by jury in a civil matter, a party generally must file a written request for a jury trial and pay a jury fee a reasonable time before trial.
In Iowa, the right to a trial by jury in criminal cases is protected under the Sixth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, and Article I, Section 10 of the Iowa Constitution. For civil cases, the right to a jury trial is also recognized, as provided by Article I, Section 9 of the Iowa Constitution. However, this right is not absolute and may be subject to certain limitations depending on the type of civil claim. In Iowa, to exercise the right to a jury trial in a civil matter, a party must typically file a written demand for a jury trial within a specified time frame as dictated by the Iowa Rules of Civil Procedure, which is generally 10 days after the last pleading regarding the issue is served. Additionally, the party requesting a jury trial may be required to pay a jury fee. If the procedures for requesting a jury trial are not followed, the right may be waived.