The jury charge is the questions, instructions, and definitions given to the jury by the court (judge) in a lawsuit to resolve the dispute between the parties. The jury’s answers to the questions in the jury charge determines the outcome of the lawsuit (the jury verdict), and is ultimately reflected in the court’s judgment (the statement of the relief granted in the lawsuit—generally who owes who money).
In Hawaii, as in other states, the jury charge, also known as jury instructions, is a crucial component of a trial. The judge provides the jury with a set of questions, instructions, and definitions that guide them in their deliberations. These instructions are meant to clarify the legal standards and definitions that apply to the case, explain the jurors' duties, and outline the specific questions they need to answer based on the evidence presented during the trial. The jury's answers to these questions form the basis of their verdict, which determines the outcome of the lawsuit. Once the jury reaches a verdict, the judge will enter a judgment based on this decision, which may include the awarding of damages or other relief as appropriate to the case. Hawaii follows the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and has its own Hawaii Rules of Civil Procedure that govern the administration of jury charges and the conduct of trials in the state's courts.