An injunction is a court order requiring the parties to whom it is addressed (the enjoined parties) not to engage in certain activity (a prohibitory injunction) or to engage in certain activity (an affirmative injunction), and is usually designed to maintain the current state of things (the status quo).
In California, an injunction is a legal remedy issued by a court that commands or prohibits specific actions by the parties involved. A prohibitory injunction prevents the enjoined parties from performing certain acts, while an affirmative injunction requires them to undertake specific actions. Injunctions are often sought to maintain the status quo pending a final resolution on the merits of a case. To obtain an injunction in California, the requesting party must demonstrate a likelihood of success on the merits of the case, the possibility of irreparable harm without the injunction, and that the balance of equities tips in their favor. The California Code of Civil Procedure outlines the procedures for obtaining both temporary restraining orders (which are short-term injunctions) and preliminary or permanent injunctions. Specific statutes and case law provide further guidance on the issuance of injunctions in various contexts, such as business disputes, environmental issues, or civil rights violations.