Evidence is anything that tends to prove or disprove a material or relevant fact alleged in a lawsuit or other legal proceeding. Witness testimony, documents, contracts, email messages, photographs, medical bills, video images, and voice recordings are common pieces of evidence.
In Utah, as in other jurisdictions, evidence is crucial in legal proceedings to establish the truth of disputed facts. The Utah Rules of Evidence govern the admissibility and use of evidence in Utah's courts. These rules determine what evidence is relevant, and relevance is defined as evidence having any tendency to make a fact more or less probable than it would be without the evidence, and the fact must be of consequence in determining the action. Witness testimony, documents, contracts, emails, photographs, medical bills, videos, and voice recordings can all serve as evidence if they are relevant to the case. However, not all evidence is admissible; it must also meet other criteria, such as reliability and authenticity, and must not be overly prejudicial, confusing, or a waste of time. Additionally, certain privileges and protections may exclude some types of evidence from being presented in court. It is the role of the attorney to present evidence in a manner that complies with these rules to support their client's position in a legal dispute.