Estoppel is a legal principle that prevents a person or entity from asserting a legal right or taking a legal position that contradicts or is inconsistent with its earlier position, behavior, or agreement. The person or entity is said to be “estopped” from changing its position, behavior, or agreement because another person or entity has relied on its earlier position, behavior, or agreement (detrimental reliance).
In South Carolina, the legal principle of estoppel is recognized and can be applied in various contexts, including contract disputes, property law, and other civil matters. Estoppel prevents a party from asserting a claim or a defense that contradicts their previous statements or actions if the other party has relied on those statements or actions to their detriment. There are different types of estoppel, such as promissory estoppel, equitable estoppel, and estoppel by deed, each with its own specific requirements. For instance, promissory estoppel requires a promise, reasonable reliance on that promise, and a substantial detriment to the relying party. South Carolina courts will consider the facts of each case to determine if estoppel is appropriate, ensuring that justice is served by preventing unfairness or fraud.