Estoppel is a legal principle that prevents a person or entity from asserting a legal right or taking a legal position that contradicts or is inconsistent with its earlier position, behavior, or agreement. The person or entity is said to be “estopped” from changing its position, behavior, or agreement because another person or entity has relied on its earlier position, behavior, or agreement (detrimental reliance).
In Minnesota, estoppel is a legal doctrine that can be invoked in various contexts, such as contract disputes, property law, and employment law, among others. The principle of estoppel prevents a party from asserting a claim or a defense that contradicts their previous statements or actions if the other party has relied on those statements or actions to their detriment. This is to ensure fairness and prevent injustice due to inconsistent behavior. There are different types of estoppel, including promissory estoppel, equitable estoppel, and estoppel by deed, each with its own specific requirements and applications. Minnesota courts will consider factors such as the representation made by the estopped party, the reliance by the other party, and whether the reliance was reasonable and led to a detriment. The application of estoppel is fact-specific and will depend on the circumstances of each case.