Estoppel is a legal principle that prevents a person or entity from asserting a legal right or taking a legal position that contradicts or is inconsistent with its earlier position, behavior, or agreement. The person or entity is said to be “estopped” from changing its position, behavior, or agreement because another person or entity has relied on its earlier position, behavior, or agreement (detrimental reliance).
In Connecticut, estoppel is a legal doctrine that is used to promote fairness and prevent injustice. It operates to bar a party from adopting a position inconsistent with one that was previously asserted if the change in position would harm another party who has relied on the original stance. This principle can be applied in various legal contexts, including contract disputes, property law, and family law, among others. Estoppel can take several forms, such as promissory estoppel, equitable estoppel, and estoppel by deed. For instance, promissory estoppel may protect a party who has relied on a promise that another party later attempts to retract. Connecticut courts will consider factors such as the representation made by the estopped party, the reliance by the other party, and whether this reliance was reasonable and resulted in detriment. The application of estoppel is fact-specific and will depend on the circumstances of each case.