A class action is a type of lawsuit in which one or a few plaintiffs seek to represent hundreds or thousands of plaintiffs with the same or similar claims against the same defendants. Rules of procedure in state and federal courts permit class actions in limited circumstances for the purpose of resolving similar disputes more efficiently than if each plaintiff filed a separate lawsuit.
In Arizona, class action lawsuits are governed by the Arizona Rules of Civil Procedure, specifically Rule 23, which is similar to Rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. A class action can be brought in Arizona if there is a large number of plaintiffs (so numerous that joinder of all members is impracticable), common questions of law or fact, typical claims or defenses of the representative parties, and the representatives will fairly and adequately protect the interests of the class. The purpose of a class action is to provide an efficient and economical means for handling numerous similar claims that might be impractical to litigate individually. Class actions can be used for a wide range of issues, including consumer fraud, corporate misconduct, securities fraud, and employment practices. If a case meets the requirements for a class action, it allows one or several plaintiffs to file a lawsuit on behalf of a larger group, potentially providing relief to many individuals without the need for each one to file a separate lawsuit.