Laws vary from state to state, but many states have laws (statutes) enacted by their state legislatures that determine which persons have the legal authority to consent to medical treatments, medical procedures, and vaccinations (also known as immunizations or inoculations) of minor children (generally under the age of 18).
In New York, the Public Health Law allows minors to consent to certain medical treatments on their own behalf without parental consent. For example, minors who are pregnant, married, or parents can consent to medical, dental, health, and hospital services for themselves and their children. Additionally, New York allows minors to consent to treatment for sexually transmitted diseases, substance abuse, and mental health services under certain circumstances. However, when it comes to vaccinations, generally, parental consent is required for minors under the age of 18. There are exceptions, such as the mature minor doctrine, which may apply in certain situations where a minor is deemed capable of understanding the nature and consequences of the treatment, but this is evaluated on a case-by-case basis. It's important to note that laws and regulations can change, and specific situations may require consultation with an attorney to understand the current legal framework and its application.