Laws vary from state to state, but many states have laws (statutes) enacted by their state legislatures that determine which persons have the legal authority to consent to medical treatments, medical procedures, and vaccinations (also known as immunizations or inoculations) of minor children (generally under the age of 18).
In Indiana, the consent to medical treatment for minor children is generally required from a parent or legal guardian. However, Indiana law does allow for some exceptions where minors can consent to their own medical treatment. For example, Indiana Code 16-36-1-3 allows minors to consent to medical care if they are at least 14 years old and are living apart from their parents or a guardian and managing their own financial affairs. Additionally, minors may consent to diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, birth control procedures, and for health care during pregnancy, among other situations. Regarding vaccinations, parental consent is typically required for immunizing minors under the age of 18. However, in certain circumstances, such as when a minor is emancipated or if there is a public health emergency, a minor may consent to vaccinations without parental approval. It's important to consult with an attorney for specific cases as state laws can be complex and subject to change.