Most states have specific laws governing the possession of dangerous wild animals, and the liability of landowners for injuries caused by wild animals on their property. Ferae naturae is a common law doctrine (created by judges in court opinions) meaning "animals of a wild nature or disposition," and traces its origins back to the Roman empire. Under the doctrine of ferae naturae, wild animals are presumed to be owned by no one specifically, but by the people generally.

In many states the rule of law has developed that a landowner cannot be held liable for the acts of indigenous wild animals occurring on his or her property unless the landowner has actually reduced the wild animals to possession or control, or introduced a non-indigenous animal into the area.

In Florida, the possession of dangerous wild animals is regulated by both state statutes and permits issued by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC). Individuals must obtain a permit to possess, exhibit, or sell certain wildlife, including many species considered to be dangerous or exotic. The regulations are designed to ensure public safety and animal welfare. Regarding liability for injuries caused by wild animals, Florida follows the common law doctrine of ferae naturae, which means that landowners are generally not liable for injuries caused by indigenous wild animals on their property unless they have captured or otherwise exerted control over the animal, or if they have introduced a non-native species that causes harm. However, if a landowner's actions, such as maintaining artificial conditions or attractions, lead to an increased likelihood of harm from wild animals, they may be held liable under a negligence theory.