Most states classify companion pet animals (dogs, cats) as personal property, and only allow owners to recover the fair market value (what a willing buyer would pay for the animal) or the replacement cost (the cost of replacing the pet with an animal of the same age, breed, and condition) for the injury or death of the pet (a rare, prize winning, pedigreed dog may have greater economic value). But some states allow pet owners to recover greater damages when the injury or death of the pet is intentional or malicious.
In Washington State, companion animals like dogs and cats are generally considered personal property under the law. This means that if a pet is injured or killed, the owner is typically entitled to recover the fair market value or the replacement cost of the pet. The fair market value is determined by what a willing buyer would pay, while the replacement cost is the expense of obtaining another pet of the same age, breed, and condition. However, Washington law does recognize the special value pets have to their owners beyond their market value. Under certain circumstances, such as when the injury or death is caused intentionally or with malicious intent, Washington courts have allowed pet owners to recover additional damages. These damages can include compensation for the emotional distress suffered by the owner due to the loss of the companionship of their pet.