Most states classify companion pet animals (dogs, cats) as personal property, and only allow owners to recover the fair market value (what a willing buyer would pay for the animal) or the replacement cost (the cost of replacing the pet with an animal of the same age, breed, and condition) for the injury or death of the pet (a rare, prize winning, pedigreed dog may have greater economic value). But some states allow pet owners to recover greater damages when the injury or death of the pet is intentional or malicious.

In California, companion animals like dogs and cats are generally considered personal property under the law. This means that if a pet is injured or killed, the owner can typically recover damages based on the fair market value or the replacement cost of the pet. The fair market value is determined by what a willing buyer would pay for the animal, while the replacement cost is the expense of obtaining another pet of the same age, breed, and condition. However, California does recognize the special value of pets to their owners and allows for additional damages in certain cases. For instance, if the injury or death of a pet is caused intentionally or with malice, the owner may be entitled to recover damages for the wrongful injury or death of the pet, which can include compensation for the loss of companionship and emotional distress suffered by the owner. It's important to note that these cases can be complex, and the specific circumstances of the incident will greatly affect the outcome. An attorney specializing in animal law would be able to provide more detailed advice based on the facts of a particular case.