Some states are “open range” or a “fence out” states, meaning that a livestock owner does not have a legal duty to prevent animals from getting onto the roadway. But some state legislatures have enacted statutes known as "stock laws" that modify the common law (rules contained in court opinions written by judges) and prohibit owners from allowing animals to run at large.
Tennessee is not an 'open range' state but rather a 'fence in' state, which means livestock owners have a legal duty to prevent their animals from roaming at large, including getting onto roadways. Tennessee's stock laws require owners to keep their livestock fenced in and off public roads. These laws are designed to protect public safety and the interests of both the livestock owners and those using the roadways. If an owner fails to comply with these laws and their livestock causes an accident or damage, the owner may be held liable for any injuries or damages that result. The specific regulations and requirements can vary by county, as some counties have enacted local ordinances that may impose additional restrictions or requirements on livestock owners.