Some states are “open range” or a “fence out” states, meaning that a livestock owner does not have a legal duty to prevent animals from getting onto the roadway. But some state legislatures have enacted statutes known as "stock laws" that modify the common law (rules contained in court opinions written by judges) and prohibit owners from allowing animals to run at large.
Arizona is considered a 'fence out' state, which traditionally means that livestock owners are not required to fence in their animals to prevent them from wandering onto others' property or public roadways. However, Arizona law has modified this general rule with 'stock laws' that require owners in certain areas to prevent their animals from running at large. These areas are often designated as 'no fence' districts, where the responsibility shifts to the livestock owner to keep their animals off of public roads and others' property. The specifics of these regulations can vary by county and local jurisdiction within the state. Livestock owners who fail to comply with these laws may be liable for damages caused by their animals and may face penalties. It is important for livestock owners in Arizona to be aware of the local laws and regulations that apply to their specific area to ensure compliance.