Some states prohibit the possession of all wild or exotic animals—but most states only limit possession to certain types of wild or exotic animals. These state statutes often make exceptions for people and organizations that possess exotic animals for exhibition or scientific or educational purposes. Most states require a permit, license, or registration to possess certain wild animals. And many counties and cities also have laws and regulations that prohibit or limit the possession of wild animals.

In Pennsylvania, the possession of wild or exotic animals is regulated by both state statutes and regulations. The Pennsylvania Game Commission has oversight over the possession of wildlife and requires permits for individuals or organizations wishing to possess, import, or export wildlife. The state's exotic wildlife possession permits are generally issued for scientific, educational, or exhibition purposes. Pennsylvania law prohibits private individuals from owning certain dangerous wild animals, such as bears, wolves, big cats, and primates, without a permit. Additionally, the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture regulates exotic animal possession through the Dangerous Wild Animal Act, which requires owners of designated dangerous wild animals to obtain a permit. Local ordinances in various counties and cities may also impose additional restrictions or requirements on the possession of wild or exotic animals. It is important for individuals to check with both state and local regulations to ensure compliance when possessing or considering the possession of an exotic or wild animal.