Some states prohibit the possession of all wild or exotic animals—but most states only limit possession to certain types of wild or exotic animals. These state statutes often make exceptions for people and organizations that possess exotic animals for exhibition or scientific or educational purposes. Most states require a permit, license, or registration to possess certain wild animals. And many counties and cities also have laws and regulations that prohibit or limit the possession of wild animals.

In Florida, the possession of wild or exotic animals is regulated by both state statutes and regulations from the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC). Florida law classifies wildlife into different categories with corresponding regulations. For example, Class I wildlife, which includes large or dangerous animals like lions, tigers, and bears, is generally prohibited from personal possession unless the owner meets strict criteria for a permit, such as having substantial experience and specific caging requirements. Class II wildlife, which can pose a danger to people but are considered less risky than Class I, also require permits for personal possession with less stringent requirements. Class III wildlife, which includes species that pose little to no threat to public safety, may be possessed without a permit but must be legally acquired and humanely treated. Permits are typically granted for exhibition, sale, or public scientific or educational purposes. Additionally, local ordinances in various counties and cities in Florida may impose further restrictions on the possession of wild or exotic animals.