(1) Any person with a substantial interest in the subject matter may make a written request of an agency for a declaratory opinion as to the applicability to specified circumstances of a statute, rule or order within the primary jurisdiction of the agency. Such written request must clearly set forth the specific facts upon which an opinion is asked for and shall be limited to a single transaction or occurrence. An agency, through the agency head or its designee(s) by rule, shall issue a declaratory opinion in response to a written request for that opinion unless the agency determines that issuance of the opinion under the circumstances would be contrary to a rule adopted in accordance with subsection (2) of this section.

(2) Each agency shall issue rules that provide for: (a) the form, contents and filing of written requests for declaratory opinions; (b) the procedural rights of persons in relation to the written requests; and (c) the disposition of the written requests. Those rules must describe the classes of circumstances in which the agency will not issue a declaratory opinion.

(3) Within forty-five (45) days after receipt of a written request for a declaratory opinion, an agency, in writing, shall:

(a) Issue an opinion declaring the applicability of the statute, rule or order in question to the specified circumstances;

(b) Agree to issue a declaratory opinion by a specified time but no later than ninety (90) days after receipt of the written request; or

(c) Decline to issue a declaratory opinion, stating the reasons for its action.

(4) A copy of all opinions issued in response to a written request for a declaratory opinion must be mailed promptly to the requesting person.

(5)

(a) When any person receives a declaratory opinion from an agency and shall have stated all the facts to govern such opinion, the agency shall take no civil or criminal action against such person who, in good faith, follows the direction of such opinion and acts in accordance therewith unless a court of competent jurisdiction, after a full hearing, shall judicially declare that such opinion is manifestly wrong and without any substantial support. No declaratory opinion shall be given or considered if the opinion is requested after suit is filed or prosecution begun. Any declaratory opinion rendered pursuant to this chapter shall not be binding or effective for any third party or person other than the agency issuing the declaratory opinion and the person to whom the opinion is issued and shall not be used as precedent for any other transaction or occurrence beyond that set forth by the requesting person.

(b) The authority of persons to request and receive agency declaratory opinions in no way affects the ability of any person authorized by Section 7-5-25 to request a legal opinion from the Attorney General.

(c) Subject to any confidentiality provisions established by law, each agency shall make all declaratory opinions available for public inspection and copying and shall index them by name and subject, unless information contained within such opinions is confidential by statute or exempt from public disclosure pursuant to another provision of law.

(6) Without in any way limiting a person’s right to request and receive a declaratory opinion under this section, or an agency’s duty to issue a declaratory opinion under this section, nothing contained in this section shall prohibit an agency from providing informal responses or advice, orally or in writing, to any inquiries or requests for information submitted to the agency. Informal responses shall not be considered a declaratory opinion under this section.