(a) Any commissioned officer of or on duty with the state military forces is eligible to serve on all courts-martial for the trial of any person who may lawfully be brought before such courts for trial.

(b) Any warrant officer of or on duty with the state military forces is eligible to serve on general and special courts-martial for the trial of any person, other than a commissioned officer, who may lawfully be brought before such courts for trial.

(c) (1) Any enlisted member of the state military forces who is not a member of the same unit as the accused is eligible to serve on general and special courts-martial for the trial of any enlisted member who may lawfully be brought before such courts for trial, but he shall serve as a member of a court only if, before the convening of the court, the accused personally has requested in writing that enlisted members serve on it. No accused who has made such a request shall be tried by a general or special court-martial the membership of which does not include enlisted members in a number comprising at least one-third of the total membership of the court, unless eligible members cannot be obtained on account of physical conditions or military exigencies. If such members cannot be obtained, the court may be convened and the trial held without them, provided the convening authority shall make a detailed written statement, to be appended to the record, stating why they could not be obtained. (2) In this section, “unit” means any regularly organized body of the state military forces not larger than a company, a squadron, a division of the naval militia, or a body corresponding to one of them.

(d) (1) When it can be avoided, no person subject to this code shall be tried by a court-martial any member of which is junior to him in rank or grade. (2) When convening a court-martial, the convening authority shall detail as members thereof such members as, in his opinion, are best qualified for the duty by reason of age, education, training, experience, length of service, and judicial temperament. No person shall serve as a member of a general or special court-martial if he is the accuser or a witness for the prosecution or has acted as investigating officer or as counsel in the same case. If within the command of the convening authority there is present and not otherwise disqualified a commissioned officer who is a member of the bar of the highest court of the state and of appropriate rank and grade, the convening authority shall appoint him as president of a special court-martial, provided failure to meet this requirement shall, in no case, divest a military court of jurisdiction.

(e) Before a court-martial is assembled for the trial of a case, the convening authority may excuse a member of the court from participating in the case. Under such regulations as the adjutant general may prescribe, the convening authority may delegate his authority under this subsection to his staff judge advocate, a legal officer, or any other principal assistant.

(1967, P.A. 717, S. 26; P.A. 89-221, S. 4.)

History: P.A. 89-221 added Subsec. (e) authorizing the convening authority to excuse a member of the court from participating in the case and to delegate his authority to excuse a member to his staff judge advocate, a legal officer or any other principal assistant.