When the U.S. Congress writes an environmental law, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) implements it by writing regulations. Often, the EPA sets national standards that each of the states and tribes enforce through their own regulations. If states and tribes fail to meet the national standards, the EPA can help them. The EPA also enforces its regulations and helps businesses understand the requirements.

Businesses and industries with operations that may impact the environment are often subject to regulations written by the EPA. Some examples of businesses and industries subject to EPA regulations include:

• Agriculture

• Automotive

• Construction

• Electric Utilities

• Oil & Gas

• Transportation

• Dry Cleaning

• Education/Schools

• Forestry & Logging

• Health Care & Social Assistance

• Mining

• Manufacturing

• Water & Sewage Utilities

• Public Administration & Government

Businesses in these and other industries must comply with applicable environmental laws and EPA regulations—as well as state environmental laws and regulations. In addition to compliance with environmental laws and regulations, businesses in these industries often must address environmental matters when buying and selling their businesses and entering into transactions for products and services. For example, it is often important in such transactions to allocate risks and costs related to environmental cleanup, compliance, and other issues.

In Indiana, as in other states, businesses and industries are required to comply with both federal and state environmental regulations. The U.S. Congress passes environmental laws, which are then implemented by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through the creation of regulations. These regulations set national standards that states, including Indiana, must enforce through their own regulations. If Indiana fails to meet these national standards, the EPA can step in to assist. The EPA also plays a role in enforcing regulations and helping businesses understand their obligations. Industries such as agriculture, automotive, construction, utilities, and many others must adhere to these regulations to operate legally. Indiana has its own environmental statutes and regulatory bodies, such as the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM), which work in conjunction with the EPA to ensure compliance. When businesses in Indiana engage in transactions, they must consider environmental liabilities, including cleanup costs and compliance with environmental laws. An attorney can provide guidance on these matters to ensure that businesses meet both federal and state environmental requirements and properly address environmental risks in their transactions.