An Act of God is a natural force outside of human control (such as an earthquake, tsunami, or hurricane), and may relieve a party or parties to a contract or agreement from having to perform their obligations. Such Acts of God are often addressed in a force majeure clause, which typically appears near the end of the contract or agreement. A force majeure clause may also excuse a party's performance of its obligations for other reasons beyond its control, such as unavailability of products, riots, civil unrest, pandemics, and terrorism.
In Vermont, as in many jurisdictions, an 'Act of God' refers to unforeseen natural events that are beyond human control and can impact contractual obligations. Vermont law recognizes that such events may excuse parties from performing their contractual duties if the contract includes a force majeure clause. These clauses are designed to protect parties from liability for non-performance in the face of extraordinary events. The specific language of the force majeure clause is critical, as it defines what events are covered and the conditions under which parties are excused from their obligations. In addition to natural disasters, these clauses may also cover other events such as pandemics, riots, or terrorism, depending on how they are written. Vermont courts will interpret these clauses based on the precise wording of the contract and the circumstances surrounding the event that is claimed to have prevented performance.